The Mouse MRF4 Promoter Is trans-Activated Directly and Indirectly by Muscle-specific Transcription Factors

Smooth muscle cell-specific transcription is regulated by nuclear localization of the myocardin-related transcription factors.

On the basis of our previous studies on RhoA signaling in smooth muscle cells (SMC), we hypothesized that RhoA-mediated nuclear translocalization of the myocardin-related transcription factors (MRTFs) was important for regulating SMC phenotype. MRTF-A protein and MRTF-B message were detected in aortic SMC and in many adult mouse organs that contain a large SMC component. Both MRTFs upregulated ...

The 5'-flanking region of the mouse muscle nicotinic acetylcholine receptor beta subunit gene promotes expression in cultured muscle cells and is activated by MRF4, myogenin and myoD.

The expression of the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (AChR) in vertebrate striated muscle is regulated both during development by nerve-evoked muscle activity and by local factors released or associated with the nerve ending. The expression pattern of AChR is achieved by coordinate regulation of four embryonic subunit mRNAs, alpha, beta, gamma and delta. We have taken the approach of identify...

Directly and Indirectly Acting Cholinomimetics

Cholinomimetic drugs can elicit some or all of the effects that acetylcholine (ACh) produces. This class of drugs includes agents that act directly as agonists at cholinoreceptors and agents that act indirectly by inhibiting the enzymatic destruction of endogenous ACh (i.e., cholinesterase inhibitors).The directly acting cholinomimetics can be subdivided into agents that exert their effects pri...

The human Ul snRNA promoter correctly initiates transcription in vitro and is activated by PSEl

A DNA-dependent in vitro transcription system for the human Ul small nuclear RNA (snRNA) promoter has been developed. This in vitro transcription system uses extracts of tissue culture cells to drive transcription of an RNA polymerase Il-transcribed snRNA gene. A Ul promoter (-393 to +192) template was constructed in which the sequences from +10 to +171 were replaced with a 179-bp sequence from...

Down Regulation of DHFR Promoter Activity by PML Transcription Repressor